Diagnosis (Greek Greek , an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, is the language of the Greeks. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. In its ancient form, it is the language of classical ancient Greek literature and the New Testament of: διάγνωση, from δια dia- "apart-split", and γνώση gnosi "to learn, knowledge") is the identification of the nature of anything, either by process of elimination The process of elimination is a basic logical tool to solve real world problems. By subsequently removing options that may be deemed impossible, illogical, or can be easily ruled out due to some sort of explicit understanding relative to the entire set of options, the pool of remaining possibilities grows smaller. An ideal problem which could be or other analytical Generally speaking, analytic refers to the "having the ability to analyze" or "division into elements or principles." methods. Diagnosis is used in many different disciplines, with slightly different implementations on the application of logic Logic, from the Greek λογικός is the study of reasoning. Logic is used in most intellectual activity, but is studied primarily in the disciplines of philosophy, mathematics, and computer science. Logic examines general forms which arguments may take, which forms are valid, and which are fallacies. It is one kind of critical thinking. In and experience Experience as a general concept comprises knowledge of or skill in or observation of some thing or some event gained through involvement in or exposure to that thing or event. The history of the word experience aligns it closely with the concept of experiment to determine the cause and effect relationships. Below are given as examples and tools used by the respective professions in medicine, science, engineering, business. Diagnosis also is used in many other trades and professions to determine the causes of symptoms, mitigations for problems, or solutions to issues.[1]
Uses
In medicine
- Medical diagnosis In medicine, diagnosis is a label given for a medical condition or disease identified by its signs, symptoms, and from the results of various diagnostic procedures. The term "diagnostic criteria" designates the combination of signs, symptoms, and test results that allows the clinician to ascertain the diagnosis of the respective disease
- Differential diagnosis A differential diagnosis is a systematic method used to identify unknowns. This method, essentially a process of elimination, is used by taxonomists to identify living organisms, and by physicians, physician assistants, and other trained medical professionals to diagnose the specific disease in a patient
- Retrospective diagnosis A retrospective diagnosis is the practice of identifying an illness in a historical figure using modern knowledge, methods and disease classifications. Alternatively, it can be the more general attempt to give a modern name to an ancient and ill-defined scourge or plague
- Bayesian probability Bayesian probability is one of the most popular interpretations of the concept of probability. The Bayesian interpretation of probability can be seen as an extension of logic that enables reasoning with uncertain statements. To evaluate the probability of a hypothesis, the Bayesian probabilist specifies some prior probability, which is then
In computing
- Grey Area Diagnosis
- RPR Problem Diagnosis RPR deals with failures, incorrect output and performance issues, and its particular strengths are in the diagnosis of ongoing & recurring grey problems . The method comprises:
- Remote diagnostics Remote Diagnostics refers to ability to diagnose a given symptom, issue or problem from a distance. Instead of the subject being colocated with the person or system doing the diagnostics, with remote diagnostics, the subjects can be separated by physical distant . Information exchange occurs either by wire or wireless
- CDR Computer Based Assessment
Tools
- DELTA (taxonomy) DELTA is a data format used in taxonomy for recording descriptions of living things. It is designed for computer processing, allowing the generation of identification keys, diagnosis, etc
- DXplain DXplain is a Clinical decision support system available through the World Wide Web that assists clinicians by generating stratified diagnoses based on user input of patient signs and symptoms, laboratory results, and other clinical findings . Evidential support for each differential diagnosis is presented, along with recommended follow-up that may
- Frequency probability Frequency probability is the interpretation of probability that defines an event's probability as the limit of its relative frequency in a large number of trials. The development of the frequentist account was motivated by the problems and paradoxes of the previously dominant viewpoint, the classical interpretation. The shift from the classical
- Probability interpretations The word probability has been used in a variety of ways since it was first coined in relation to games of chance. Does probability measure the real, physical tendency of something to occur, or is it just a measure of how strongly one believes it will occur? In answering such questions, we interpret the probability values of probability theory
Logic
- Zebra (medical) It derives from the aphorism "When you hear hoofbeats, think horses, not zebras", which was probably coined by Dr. Theodore Woodward, a former professor at the University of Maryland, Baltimore, School of Medicine.[citation needed]
- Sutton's law Sutton's law states that in attempting to diagnose a problem, one should first do the experiment that can confirm the most likely diagnosis. It is taught in medical schools to guide new doctors in ordering tests in a way that leads to faster treatment, while minimizing unnecessary costs. It is applicable to any process of diagnosis, in many
- Occam's razor Occam's razor , entia non sunt multiplicanda praeter necessitatem, is the principle that "entities must not be multiplied beyond necessity" and the conclusion thereof, that the simplest explanation or strategy tends to be the best one. The principle is attributed to 14th-century English logician, theologian and Franciscan friar, William
- Hickam's dictum Hickam's dictum is a counterargument to the use of Occam's razor in the medical profession. The principle is commonly stated: "Patients can have as many diseases as they well please". The principle is attributed to John Hickam, MD. Hickam was a faculty member at Duke University in the 1950s, and was later chairman of medicine at Indiana
See also
- Diagnosis (artificial intelligence) As a subfield in artificial intelligence, Diagnosis is concerned with the development of algorithms and techniques that are able to determine whether the behaviour of a system is correct. If the system is not functioning correctly, the algorithm should be able to determine, as accurately as possible, which part of the system is failing, and which
- Machine Fault Diagnosis
- Organizational diagnostics The effective diagnosis of organizational culture, and structural and operational strengths and weaknesses are fundamental to any successful organizational development intervention. As Beckhard said in the preface to his seminal work
References
- ^ Definition of diagnosis from the Online Etymology Dictionary The Online Etymology Dictionary is a dictionary that describes the origins of English language words. The abbreviation, OED, coincides with the frequently used acronym for the Oxford English Dictionary, a coincidence unlikely to be lost on etymologists
Categories: Medical terms | Greek loanwords Categories: English words and phrases of foreign origin | Greek words and phrases
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